Process for the manufacture of candle materials.



' UNITED STATES PATENT OFFIOE.

JOSEPH GLATZ, OF BROOKLYN, NEW PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CANDLE MATERIALS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

' H katented may 1,1906

Application filed June 1,1904. Serial No. 210.725.

5 York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Processes for the Manufacture of Candle Materials and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to improvements in processes for the production of candle materials, and more especially to processes for the production of candles from fats and fatty substances as distinguished from those made principally from paraffins, though my inventipn may also be applied in combination with 1; ese.

In the ordinary manufacture of candles from tallow, greases, palm-oil, or other mixed fats these fats are first saponified by steam under pressure or by acids or by other means by which the glycerids contained in said fats are separated into their respective acids and glycerin.

M process of producing new and useful can le materials consistslin treating either these mixed fats or the fatty acids, either singly or a mixture of the same with ammonia under pressure for a period of from two to twenty hours, whereby new and. useful candle materials are produced.

It is immaterial in my process whether I start with the lycerids or fats or with the fatty acids. If t e glycerids are treated with ammonia under pressure, the glycerin so produced is removed by distillation in a vacuum and the candle material remains. If the glycerin has alread been removed from the fats used, the distil ation can be dispensed with.

The melting-point of the resultant product can be regulated entirely byi the time used in the treatment withammonia. As the saponivti on of the lycerin usually requires all of fifteen hours, have found it more convenient fication of the fats and the complete liberadirectly, as the undecomposed glycerid still remaining in the mixture of fats When same is treated for less than fifteen hours has a tendency to lower the melting-point of the prodnot. By this treatment of fats, greases, palm-oil, and other fatty bodies I have found it possible to produce candle materials having melting-points from 68 centigrade upward.

In the process I use I do not confine myself to any particular fatty acids or fats to produce the candle materials mentioned, but depend solely u on the time of treatment with ammonia un er pressure, this time varying from two to twenty hours, the pressure varying from two to fift atmospheres, though I find a pressure of fifteen atmospheres at a temperature va ing from 150 centigrade to 250 centigra e most convenient in practioe, although I expressl do not confine myself to the temperatures erein given.

Tallow, alm-oil, olive-oil, waste greases, and other fats will give the materials herein mentioned.

Havin thus fully described mg dprocess, what I 0 mm as my invention, an esire to secure by Letters Patent, is as follows:

1. The process of producing a composition of matter by the treatment of fats or fatty acids with ammonia under a pressure of from ten to fift atmospheres for to twenty ours.

2. The process of producing a composition of matter by the treatment of fats or fatty acids with ammonia under a pressure of from ten to fift atmospheres for a period of two to twentyhour's and at a temperature varying between 150 centi ade and 250 centigrade.

3. The process 0 producing a composition of matter by the treatment of fats or fatty acids with ammonia under pressure of from 90 J OSEPH- GLATZ.

Witnesses:

HUGO Moox, Ron'r. H. HIBBARD.

a period of two 

